What are androgens?

Androgens such as danazol or oxymethalone are used in patients with relapsed or refractory aplastic anaemia.  They are synthetic steroids which are administered in tablet form. The mechanism of action is still debated, but may partly be explained by enhancing the 
production of erythropoietin, a hormone produced by the kidneys, which stimulates red blood cell production in anaemias.

Where do androgens fit in the treatment algorithm?

Androgens are used after the first line treatment option, in patients who have not responded to one or more treatments for their aplastic anaemia. In small studies, approximately 50% of patients who had not responded to one or more lines of treatment responded to androgens. We would expect to start to see a response to treatment within three months.

On-going management

Once you have achieved an optimal response to anabolic steroids, your doctor will discuss the option of a slow reduction in dose over a number of months. You should not stop treatment suddenly due to risks of side effects. If you have not yet responded your doctor will discuss alternative treatment options with you.

You can view and download our information booklet aimed at patients with relapsed or refractory aplastic anaemia.  It explains the use of the medication, any side effects and other useful information.

Androgens Booklet

Thank you to the Haematology Team at St James' hospital in Leeds for their expertise in developing the leaflet.